与《动物人道控制指南》的作者特蕾莎·鲁尼的问答

特里萨·鲁尼是一位自学成才的终身园丁。她是一名园艺大师，她把她的城市小院子变成了经过认证的国家野生动物栖息地，并成为越来越多受欢迎和不受欢迎的动物的家园。她曾为《明尼苏达园丁》杂志撰写文章，并教授园艺课程。Â在她的新书中，动物人道控制指南^[1]，鲁尼提供了安全、有机地赶走不速之客的解决方案。Â继续阅读，了解更多信息，并在下方进入，赢得两份副本中的一份四开本^[２]．

---

1.你的书如何帮助我们解读常见的花园问题?

你可以学习寻找的“迹象”，也可以开始提前思考你可能遇到的动物问题。着眼于大局可以让你对所看到的问题有一个很好的认识。例如，如果只有一种植物被吃掉，你可能知道哪种昆虫/动物喜欢这种植物。如果所有的植物都显示出一些影响——那么也许你真正看到的是天气或除草剂漂移的结果。你可以开始弄清楚你什么时候看到损害，它是什么样的损害，它在植物上出现的位置以及它有多严重。一旦你找到了正确的问题，只有到那时，你才应该继续决定如何回应。

2.你希望读者从这本书中发现哪些最大的收获?

放眼全局。学会理解我们生活在这个世界上，并与许多生物共享这个世界。我们也需要给他们一些空间，但我们需要保持安全，保护我们的食物和家人。这是一种平衡。但一旦你开始看到所有相互关联的部件，你可能会着迷，并希望你的户外空间更加多样化。另一个大问题是使用化学品，一定要阅读、理解和遵循标签。标签就是法律。阅读整个标签。当然，在你使用任何化学物质(甚至化肥)之前，要知道你为什么要使用它，你想要达到什么目的。很多时候，大自然会纠正“问题”，如果你让它自己工作的话。 If you decide to step in, remember you are taking on a task that nature usually handles ( and in my opinion she usually does a better job than we can). Look at your outdoor space in a different way. It does not have to be a pristine, manicured monoculture. Perhaps you can learn to see the beauty in volunteer plants, an unpruned tree, diverse plantings. One of the things I actually love to see is ‘something’ eating my plants. Especially if it is weeds- then I know that the critter doing the weed eating is usually ignoring my ‘planned’ plants.

3.在你的书中，当你谈到发现一种新虫子、杂草或真菌的喜悦时，你似乎有一种乐观的看法。说实话，我不能说我有这种喜悦。你是不是一直都很乐观?如果不是，是什么让你改变了?

我一直热爱大自然和所有的动物和植物，并为之着迷。对我来说，一切事物是如何联系在一起的，随着这些联系的增加，整个系统变得越来越有弹性。有时我承认我有“问题”，我曾经害怕蜜蜂/黄蜂等——我会冻住或尖叫。然后有一天，我想了想——他们比我小，他们想做自己的事，对我不是那么感兴趣。这帮助我接受他们，现在我爱他们。我确实在想“那些下流的黄夹克有什么用?”然后我意识到他们做了很多“清理”死昆虫和小动物。谢谢黄黑相间的卫生人员!现在我喜欢看他们。如果它们走得太近，我就会悄悄地告诉它们——‘我这里什么都没有’，然后它们就嗡嗡地走开了。 I know they don’t understand my words but the quiet words remind me to be peaceful and project calm and that means we all just get along better. I am very curious about everything in nature. Every observation I make, information I read, new aspect I meet is just fuel for that curiosity. I love seeing it work together. When I see a new insect or something in my yard I realize my habitat is also welcoming to one more creature (or fungus) that means more activity and excitement. When I see the diversity I realize that nothing will overpower everything else for very long. Those caterpillars eating the chard? Well they are just baby bird food for the birds I have created wonderful habitat to live in. I read Doug Tallamy’s bookÂ把大自然带回家^[3]．这真的触动了我——当你看到杂草/本地植物被吃掉时，通常意味着本地昆虫或小动物在该地区。他们享受着原生的栖息地。他们正在获得食物!想象一张蜘蛛网(好吧，如果你害怕蜘蛛，在这里和我一起工作)，它有越多的线和连接，它就能“抓住”更多。如果它的一部分被飞过的鸟破坏了，或者树枝掉在上面，它会持续的时间就越长。但如果蛛网只有5个连接，那么即使断了1个对蜘蛛来说也是个大问题。对于那些害怕蜘蛛的人来说，它们通常在夏末的时候大量出现在我们的院子里——为什么?昆虫数量的增长足以为蜘蛛提供食物。蜘蛛生活在健康的环境中，它们吃很多昆虫，你会惊讶的。 They are your garden helpers. I do understand if you are frightened of them and I am not rebuking you for that. It is what it is. But if you can ignore them, you may find that it gets easier for you. Concentrate on the good they do. That helps me. That is what I think of when the raccoons have killed a chicken or the rabbits girdled a tree I forgot to protect. What can I learn from this? How can I make this not good situation better? I can make sure the chickens are safer, and locked up carefully at night. I can remember to wrap the trees. There are no failures in the garden, only opportunities to learn and grow. Another way to look at this may be to consider the night sky. With just one or 2 stars in it the excitement and beauty seems to be less. If one of those stars goes nova, then you are left with much less to observe. But if you have the sky we see now- filled with stars, galaxies, meteors, planets, comets and yes even, lightning bugs and airplanes and satellites how exciting and beautiful is that! (add an aurora borealis and life is good!)

4.说服园丁采用和使用有机方法来对付害虫是否很困难?为什么或者为什么不呢?

随着岁月的流逝，生活变得容易多了。我从不同的角度来看待这个问题。我不介意每个人都做出自己的选择。他们有权尊重他们的决定。我的方式是呈现事实。展示一个行为的影响。如果你不使用任何响应，会发生什么?如果使用非有机反应会发生什么?如果你决定用有机替代品来回应，会发生什么?有机食品并不总是更安全。 Some of the most deadly substances are organic. People just need to know the options. They need to be guided to think it thru. It does not have to be a long drawn out process. I also find that in so many instances, going organic is cheaper for me and easier. It also sets up my yard and garden to be healthier in the long run and therefore I have less ‘challenges’ in the future. (Notice they are not problems, they are challenges.) I think the main thing I find is that I listen to people and give them the information I know and then I respect their decision. If they can understand I am trying to help- not judge or make them do it my way, they are usually much more open to my suggestions. People have really changed in the last few years, many more now are seeing the big picture and how everything is connected.

5.当谈到生物控制时，你提到了一句古老的格言“进攻是最好的防御”。有什么建议可以帮助我们做到这一点吗?

就像建筑一样，测量两次，切割一次。在园艺中先规划然后种植。而不是到处移动植物。把事情想清楚。注意你的邻居在做什么。如果某样东西看起来不错，而且似乎对他们有用，那就弄清楚如何以及为什么要复制最好的功能。如果你知道你有很大的鹿的压力，然后决定在哪里你可以“藏”你珍贵的鹿糖，在哪里你可以种植那些他们不喜欢的物种。你能做些什么来争取自然母亲的帮助呢?你能为鸟类和蝙蝠创造一个健康的栖息地，让昆虫和杂草的种子保持在一个可接受的水平吗?你可以用很多草药来掩盖美味的兔子诱惑植物的气味吗?而这些草药可能会鼓励你吃得更冒险? Is there a fence that you can install that will deter some of the pests you are encountering? Even my chain link fence can be made beautiful by covering it with clematis, or hops, grape vines or even pole beans and cucumber. Consider when you see the most damage in your yards. Early spring? Just when the flowers are starting to grow and the tulips are blooming? Consider fencing in the fall. It will protect those tender shoots (and stems in the winter) from hungry rabbits. Once the plants are large enough and there is other food you can remove the fencing. Plant food for the critters in an area that is away from your ‘favorite’ plants. Many times a gardener, even an experienced gardener will undergo something they just didn’t know could happen. You don’t know what you don’t know and so as a gardener (or anyone) the need to be open to learn and make corrections is important.

赢得两份“人道动物管制[1]”! 要参加，只需在2018年3月11日(周日)午夜之前在这篇博客文章上留下评论(请务必提供有效的电子邮件地址)，回答以下问题: 你花园里有什么小动物需要帮助? 一定要包括有效的电子邮件地址。获胜者将从所有合格的参赛者中随机抽取，并通过电子邮件通知。(见规则[4]以获取更多信息。)